About the Book

It is vital to provide the tourism managers of tomorrow with an explicit understanding and the capability to affect creative and innovative solutions for the sustainable development of tourism. Understanding the Sustainable Development of Tourism takes the view that sustainable tourism management needs to be seen as a dynamic process of change, rather than a static goal to be achieved and therefore must be tackled with ever evolving, flexible strategies.

Divided into 11 chapter ‘modules’, the text considers key managerial concepts, from supplier-driven innovation, human resource management, operations management and marketing, to corporate social responsibility, risk management and triple bottom line reporting. Each chapter links relevant theories and concepts to practice through case studies or exercises. Each chapter takes the view that sustainable tourism principles should be practiced in all aspects of tourism operations on a daily basis and that sustainability should be treated as a managerial philosophy rather than a subject matter. Relevant theories and concepts are linked to practice through case studies or exercises.

Written by academics associated with the BEST Education Network, Understanding the Sustainable Development of Tourism provides tourism students, educators, industry planners, researchers, managers and operators with the latest thinking on a comprehensive range of themes addressing the sustainable development of tourism.

Also available for purchase at Goodfellow Publishers are five online modules on the following topics:

• Sustainable Tourism Marketing
  
• Sustainable Tourism Planning
  
• Sustainable Operations Management
  
• Sustainable Festivals, Meetings and Event Management
  
• TBL Reporting for Sustainable Development
  

Each of these teaching modules is complete with overview of the topic, PowerPoint slides, review questions, case study and an extensive reference list.

Contents

Chapter 1	Introduction to Sustainable Tourism Development JANNE J. LIBURD
Chapter 2	Sustainable Tourism Planning LARRY DWYER AND DEBORAH EDWARDS
Chapter 3	Sustainable Operations Management RAYKA PRESBURY AND DEBORAH EDWARDS
Chapter 4	Marketing for Sustainable Tourism TRACEY FIRTH
Chapter 5	Sustainable Human Resource Management RAYKA PRESBURY
Chapter 6	Corporate Social Responsibility in Tourism CAMELIA TEPELUS
Chapter 7	Triple Bottom Line Reporting for Sustainable Tourism Development LARRY DWYER AND JEFFREY FAUX
Chapter 8	Supplier-driven Innovation for Sustainable Tourism ANNE-METTE HJALAGER
Chapter 9	Managing Sustainable Festivals, Meetings and Events RAYKA PRESBURY AND DEBORAH EDWARDS
Chapter 10	Volunteer Tourism STEPHEN WEARING, KEVIN LYONS and SUZANNE LEIGH SNEAD
Chapter 11	Crisis, Recovery and Risk Management DAVID BEIRMAN
Chapter 12	The Future of Sustainability JANNE J. LIBURD AND DEBORAH EDWARDS

Acknowledgements

This publication would not have been possible without the invaluable contributions of the Think Tank participants. Many thanks to:

A

Erhan Ada, Izmir University of Economics, Turkey
Kathleen Andereck, Arizona State University, USA
Marien André, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain
Jimmy Antia, University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica
Lisa Applebaum, Conference Board, USA
Chrisana Archer, Ministry of Tourism, New Zealand
Charles Arcodia, University of Queensland, Australia
Kate Armstrong, University of Canberra, Australia
Mojca Arsenijevic, University of Nova Gorica, Slovenia
Meryem Atik, University of Akdeniz, Turkey

B

Ana Baez, Turismo & Conservación, Costa Rica
Jesse Baker, University of California Irvine, USA
Davis Barasa, Buckinghanshire Chilterns University College, UK
Patricia Barnett, Tourism Concern, UK
Thomas Bauer, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China
Anne H. Becher, USA
Sue Beeton, La Trobe University, Australia
David Beirman, Israel Tourism Office Australasia & SW Pacific, Australia
Sole Belmar, Solimar Marketing, USA
Pierre Benckendorff, James Cook University, Australia
Murat Bengisu, Izmir University of Economics, Turkey
Angela M. Benson, University of Brighton, UK
Robert Bentley, USA
Suzanne Bergin-Seers, Victoria University, Australia
Jan Peter Bergkvist, Hilton International, Sweden
Tracy Berno, University of the South Pacific, Fiji
Matthias Beyer, mas contour Tourism Consulting & Regional Planning, Germany
Amos Bien, International Ecotourism Society, Costa Rica
Robert Billington, Blackstone Valley Tourism Council, USA
Regina Binder, Hughes Binder, USA
Andy Blackmore, KwaZulu Natal Nature Conservation Service, South Africa
Bodil S. Blichfeldt, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Paulina Bohdanowicz, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Juan Carlos Bonilla, National Botanical Institute, South Africa
Yasin Boylu, Mugla University, Turkey
Bente Bramming, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Miha Bratec, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
Kelly Bricker, University of the South Pacific, Fiji
Susan Briggs, Service Skills Australia, Australia
Federica Buffa, University of Trento, Italy
Ulrik Bülow, Danish Tourist Board, Denmark
Peter Burns, University of Brighton, UK
Robyn Bushell, University of Western Sydney, Australia
Jeremy Wilhelm Buultjens, Southern Cross University, Australia

C

Jose Luis Cabada, Sunny Land Tours, USA
Veronica Cadoppi, UNWTO, Spain
Francisco Cali, Indigenous Tourism Rights International, Guatemala
Anna Campbell, University of Canberra, Australia
Bruce Campbell, Los Abrigados, USA
Bonnie Canziani, University of North Carolina, USA
Jack Carlsen, Curtin University of Technology, Australia
Natalie Carter, Blackstone Valley Tourism Council, USA
Paul Casey, Hawaiian Airlines, USA
Jorge Castello, New School University, USA
Harold T. Chambers, Positive Tourism, Jamaica
Sharon P. Chambers, Positive Tourism, Jamaica
Ian Chaplin, Macau Polytechnic Institute, China
Arlette Chaves-Leer, INCAE, Costa Rica
Joseph Chen, International University of Applied Sciences Bad Honnef, Germany
Meng-Mei Chen, Lausanne Hotel School, Switzerland
William N. Chernish, University of Houston, USA
John Chidzomba, Zimbabwe
Stephanie Chok, Murdoch University, Australia
Elizabeth Churchill, PATA, USA
Katrina Church-Chmielowski, Prince William Sound Community College, USA
Anthony Clayton, University of the West Indies, Jamaica
Jaimie Cloud, Cloud Institute for Sustainable Education, USA
Erik Cohen, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
Frederick M. Collison, University of Hawaii, USA
Michael Kweku Commeh, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Ghana
Sabina Corominas Sala, Universitat de Girona, Spain
Paul Costello, University of Hawaii, USA
Linda J. Cox, University of Hawaii, USA
Hugh Cressner, Jamaica Tourist and Hotel Association, Jamaica
Patricia Cristovao, ESHTE, Portugal
Arturo Crosby, ECOTUR, Spain
Robert Cummins, Deakin University, Australia
Scott Cunliffe, James Cook University, Australia

D

Bilge Daldeniz, University of Kent, UK
Louis D?Amore, International Institute for Peace through Tourism, USA
Barry Davis, AMS Fabrications, Australia
Marcella Daye, Coventry University, UK
Diane Dearmore, Institute of Ecotourism, USA
Eduardo De Desma, Costa Rica
Margaret Deery, Victoria University, Australia
Terry DeLacy, Griffith University, Australia
Maria Della Lucia, University of Trento, Italy
Dimitrios Diamantes, Les Roches School of Hotel Management, Switzerland
Ana Diaz Valladares, Guatemala Tourist Board, Guatemala
Chantal Dickson, University of Queensland, Australia
Tracey Dickson, University of Canberra, Australia
Christa Dillabaugh, Holbrook Global Field Expeditions, USA
Denise Dillon, James Cook University, Singapore
Frederic Dimanche, CERAM, France
Allan Doherty, Industry Canada, Canada
D?Arcy J. Dornan, University of California at Davis, USA
Larry Dwyer, University of New South Wales, Australia

E

Shirley Eber
Deborah Edwards, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Richard Edwards, Wildland Adventures, USA

F

Pam Faulks, University of Canberra, Australia
Jeffrey Faux, Victoria University, Australia
Eduardo Fayos-Sola, UNWTO, Spain
Daniel R. Fesenmaier, Temple University, USA
Sebastian Filep, MODUL University Vienna, Austria
Karen Finley, Ministry of Industry and Tourism, Jamaica
Maureen Flores, Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Brazil
David Foster, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia
Judith Fox-Goldstein, University of Hawaii, USA
Ethel Francis-James, University of Technology, Jamaica
Walter Freyer, Dresden University of Technology, Germany

G

Eduardo Galicia, University of Quintana Roo, Mexico
Nancy Gard McGehee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
Sue Geldenhuys, Technikon Pretoria, South Africa
Griet Geudens, Tourist Office Flanders, Belgium
Letticia Gilbert, Conference Board, USA
Alison Gill, Simon Fraser University, Canada
Simone Grabowski, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Tony Griffin, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Arantxa Guerena, UN Development Programme, Costa Rica
Jaume Guia Julve, Universitat de Girona, Spain
Yetta Gurtner, James Cook University, Australia
Eileen Gutiérrez, Conservation International, USA

H

Britt S. Hansen, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Tadayuki Hara, Cornell University, USA
Rich Harrill, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Matthew Harvey, University of the West Indies, Jamaica
Deniz Hasirci, Izmir University of Economics, Turkey
Carolyn Hayle, University of the West Indies, Jamaica
Desmond Hayle, Jamaica
Reinhardt Hekman, Stenden University, Netherlands
Graham Keith Henning, Adelphi University, USA
Anja Hergesell, MODUL University Vienna, Austria
Martha Hevenor, Cape Cod Commission, USA
Christina Heyniger, Xola Consulting, USA
Freya Higgins-Desbiolles, University of South Australia, Australia
Rui Jin Hoare, Griffith University, Australia
Richard Hogeboom, USA
James Holleran, Lausanne Hotel School, Switzerland
Martha Honey, International Ecotourism Society, USA
Menno Houtstra, European Centre for Eco Agro Tourism, Netherlands
Ya-Ting Huang, University of Wales Institute Cardiff, UK
Michael Hughes, Curtin University of Technology, Australia

I

Orhan Icöz, Yasar University, Turkey
Pearl Imada-Iboshi, State Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism, USA
Joanne Ingram, University of Tasmania, Australia
Crist Inman, INCAE, Costa Rica
Dimitri Ioannides, Centre for Regional and Tourism Research, Denmark

J

Kari Jaeger, Finmark University College, Norway
Leo Jago, Victoria University, Australia
Tazim Jamal, Texas A&M University, USA
Mikal H. Jensen, Danish Outdoor Council, Denmark
Susanne Jensen, Aalborg University, Denmark
Christian L. Jepsen, Danish Parliament, Denmark
Luis Diego Jimenez, EARTH University, Costa Rica
Sandra Jimenez, Rainforest Alliance, Costa Rica
KJ Jithendran, University of Strathclyde, UK
Althea Johnson, Ministry of Industry and Tourism, Jamaica
Patricia Johnson, University of Newcastle, Australia
Charles Johnston, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
Andrew Jones, Swansea Metropolitan University, UK
Norma Jongilanga, Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, South Africa
Cristina Jonsson, University of the West Indies, Barbados
Claudia Jurowski, Northern Arizona University, USA
Flemming Just, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark

K

Ulrike Kachel, Griffith University, Australia
Lucy Kaplan, South Africa
Lilian Kayamba, Blackstone Valley Tourism Council, USA
Michael Kaye, Costa Rica Expeditions, Costa Rica
Ines Kessler, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Akiko Kino, Hokkaido University, Japan
Eddie Koch, South Africa
Jerry Koenke, Sandpiper Gulf Resort, USA
Meral Korzay, Bogazici University, Turkey
Barbara Koth, University of South Australia, Australia
Donruetai Kovathanakul, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Elin Kristensen, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Yoram Krozer, University of Twente, Netherlands
Anja Krüger, Hochschule Harz, Germany
Susan Kunisaki, TAGEI, USA

L

Kristin Lamoureux, George Washington University, USA
Bernard Lane, University of Bristol, UK
Jill Lankford, University of Hawaii, USA
Sam Lankford, University of Northern Iowa, USA
Luc Lapointe, Scoop, Canada
Conrad Lashley, Nottingham Trent University, UK
Kathleen Laythorpe, University of Sunderland, UK
Willy Legrand, International University of Applied Sciences Bad Honnef, Germany
Debra Leighton, University of Salford, UK
Stuart Levy, George Washington University, USA
Alan A. Lew, Northern Arizona University, USA
Janne J. Liburd, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Juanita C. Liu, University of Hawaii, USA
Patrick Long, University of Colorado, USA
Dagmar Lund-Durlacher, MODUL University Vienna, Austria
Kevin Lyons, University of Newcastle, Australia

M

Gina MacIlwraith, Xanterra South Rim, USA
Tanya MacLaurin, University of Guelph, Canada
Rory MacLellan, University of Strathclyde, UK
Lindisizwe M. Magi, University of Zululand, South Africa
Michela Magliacani, University of Siena, Italy
Joaquim Majó, Universitat de Girona, Spain
Patt Manheim, Johnson & Wales University, USA
Ted Manning, Consulting and Auditing Canada, Canada
Margot Manning, Canada
Yoel Mansfeld, University of Haifa, Israel
Ivo Martinac, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Peri Mathos, Carter & Burgess, USA
Oswin Maurer, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Italy
Franklin McDonald, Natural Resource Conservation, Jamaica
Earlston McPhee, Ministry of Tourism, Bahamas
Kevin Mearns, Vista University, South Africa
Cynthia Messer, University of Minnesota, USA
Graham Miller, University of Surrey, UK
Nina Mistilis, University of New South Wales, Australia
Duarte B. Morais, Pennsylvania State University, USA
Damian Morgan, Monash University, Australia
Masayuki Morishige, Hokkaido University, Japan
Dennis Morrissey, Los Abrigados, USA
Ulla Mortensen, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Gianna Moscardo, James Cook University, Australia
Eduard Muller Castro, University Cooperation International, Costa Rica
Lluís Mundet Cerdan, Universitat de Girona, Spain
Maria Murillo Madrigal, Costa Rica Tourism Board, Costa Rica

N

Judy Neal, Ministry of Industry and Tourism, Jamaica
Larry Neal, University of Oregon, USA
Bonalyn Nelsen, St. Michael?s College, USA
Norma Nickerson, University of Montana, USA
Kjeld Nielsen, Fanoe municipality, Denmark
Ole R. Nielsen, Abo Akademi University, Finland
Marina Novelli, University of Brighton, UK
Thandi Nzama, University of Zululand, South Africa

O

Lorene Olsen, Winona State University, USA
Barry O?Mahony, Victoria University, Australia
Gökce Özdemir, Yasar University, Turkey

P

Ramon Palau, Mediterrani University College of Tourism, Spain
Chryso Panayidou, College of Tourism and Hotel Management, Cyprus
Barry Pitegoff, Visit Florida, USA
Abe Pizam, University of Central Florida, USA
Michael Pometta, University of Hawaii, USA
Andrea Prado, INCAE, Costa Rica
Lluís Prats, Universitat de Girona, Spain
Lawrence Pratt, INCAE, Costa Rica
Rayka Presbury, University of Western Sydney, Australia
Andre Proctor, South Africa
Aphirom Promchanya, University of Perpignan, France
Rosendo Pujol, University of Costa Rica, Costa Rica

Q

Apacacio Quintero, Ministry of Tourism, Venezuela

R

Joseph Rajbansee, USA
Alonso Ramirez, Horizontes Nature Tours, Costa Rica
Ravi Ravinder, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Else C. Redzepovic, University of Twente, Netherlands
Arie Reichel, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
Kathleen Reid, University of Alberta, Canada
Sacha Reid, University of Western Sydney, Australia
Lisa W. Reinke, Belt Collins Hawaii, USA
Yvette Reisinger, Temple University, USA
Carina Ren, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
Roger Riley, Winona State University, USA
Bary Roberts, Ministry of Tourism, Costa Rica
Elizabeth Roberts, Bond University, Australia
Mandy Roberts Metzger, Diablo Trust, USA
Abigail Rome
Alvin Rosenbaum, George Washington University, USA
Kaz Ross, University of Tasmania, Australia
Viviana Rudin Castro, Costa Rica Tourism Board, Costa Rica
Charles Rutheiser, Urbanknowlogy, USA
Stephen M. Rutner, University of Arkansas, USA
Sarah Ryu, Victoria University, Australia

S

Mondher Sahli, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Ian Salter, Ramboll, Denmark
Ronald Sanabria, Rainforest Alliance, Costa Rica
Ed Sanders, Ecotourism International, USA
Francisco Sandoval, Eco Hotel Uxlabil Atitlán, Guatemala
Nancy Scanlon, Washington State University Swiss Centre, Switzerland
Caroline Scarles, University of Surrey, UK
Vinzenz Schmack, Laguna del Lagarto Lodge, Costa Rica
Christian Schott, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Nico Schulenkorf, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Chris Seek, Solimar Marketing, USA
Tom Selanniemi, Finnair, Finland
Michael Seltzer, Conference Board, USA
Antoni Serra Cantallops, University of the Balearic Islands, Spain
Melek Melike Sezgin, Izmir University of Economics, Turkey
Valeriya Shapoval, Cornell University, USA
Dave Sharpe, Montana State University, USA
Pauline Sheldon, University of Hawaii, USA
Asami Shikida, Hokkaido University, Japan
Dhiroj Shrestha, James Cook University, Singapore
Branko Simanic, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Ercan Sirakaya Turk, Texas A&M University, USA
Lawrence Sisitka, South Africa
Philip Sloan, International University of Applied Sciences Bad Honnef, Germany
Ginger Smith, George Washington University, USA
Karen Smith, City University of New York, USA
Karen Smith, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand
Russel K. Smith, Winona State University, USA
John Snyder
Leyla Solano, COOPRENA, Costa Rica
Gabriela Soto, Escuela Centroamericana de Ganaderia, Costa Rica
Anna Spenceley, University of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
Ray Spurr, University of New South Wales, Australia
Jane Stacey, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland
Pat Sterry, University of Salford, UK
Emma Stewart, Stanford University, USA
David Stipanuk, Cornell University, USA
Jamie Sweeting, Conservation International, USA
Renata Szynklarz, University of Western Sydney, Australia

E

Shirley Eber
Deborah Edwards, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Richard Edwards, Wildland Adventures, USA

T

Audrey Tantamjarik, University of Hawaii, USA
Teresa C.H. Tao, University of Hong Kong, China
Peter Tarlow, Tourism Tidbits, USA
Camelia Tepelus, Lund University, Sweden
Aaron Tham, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore
Gordon Titchener, Waiariki Institute of Technology, New Zealand
Maud Tixier, ESSEC, France
Jonathan Tourtellot, National Geographic, USA
Bill Towler, Coconino County, USA
David S. Truly, Central Connecticut State University, USA
Timothy J. Tyrrell, Arizona State University, USA

U

Susan Uzabeaga, University of Canberra, Australia

V

Paolo Valerio, Holbrook Global Field Expeditions, USA
Turgut Var, Izmir University of Economics, Turkey
Erick Vargas, INBIO, Costa Rica
Maribel Vela, Universitat de Girona, Spain
Jessica Vexler, Solimar Marketing, USA
David Vidal, Conference Board, USA
Dolors Vidal Casellas, Universitat de Girona, Spain
Soeren Vinding, Agenda 21 Group Fanoe, Denmark
Rhia Vries, Wageningen University, Netherlands

W

Caroline Walsh, University of Kent, UK
Leon Watson, University of Hawaii, USA
Stephen Wearing, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Patty West, USA
Fiona Wheeler, Monash University, Australia
Mike White, Ka?anapali Beach Resort, USA
Pam Wight, Pam Wight & Associates, Canada
Carolyn Wild
Peter Wood, James Cook University, Australia

Y

Mami Yoda, Hokkaido University, Japan
Eugenio Yunis, UNWTO, Spain

Z

Anna Zahra, University of Waikato, New Zealand
Heather Zeppel, James Cook University, Australia
Josephine Zhou, International University of Applied Sciences Bad Honnef, Germany
Richard Edwards, Wildland Adventures, USA